Science Research

Projects

Water cycle impacts/greywater recycling research

Science

The water cycle is the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere.  It is a complicated cycle that includes many different processes. The processes include

  • Evaporation
  • Condensation
  • Participation
  • Interception
  • Infiltration
  • Runoff

Liquid water evaporates into water vapor, condenses to form clouds, and precipitates back to earth in the form of rain and snow.

Renewable resources research

Wind

 Wind turbines are like large windmills but are used to generate electricity. South Australia generates approximately 27% of its electricity using 16 wind farms. According to the Australia Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA), the cost of utility-scale wind energy in Australia is expected to continue falling. New wind farms are expected to deliver electricity at around $50-65/MWh in 2020 and below $50/MWh in 2030. Wind power operates on average at about 35% of rated capacity while coal power plants can operate near 90% of rated capacity. Whereas a coal power plant’s boiler might require eight hours or more to get up to maximum power production, electricity will be available when needed with wind power. Coal may not be a reliable source because we can run out of it but if there is no wind there is no power but there will be coal.

Solar

Solar energy is a machine that stores the sun during the day and then converts it into energy. A commonly sized 6kW Solar PV System would cost between $4,000 and $6,000 in most states in Australia and a 10kW system would cost between $7,500 and $10,500. Solar panels typically have between 15% and 20% efficiency, while coal has an efficiency ofup to 40% and natural gas reaches up to 60% — the remaining energy in fossil fuels and coal is lost in the form of heat, and it’s lost forever. Solar panels are better for the environment but solar panels must be made and most of the materials that are used can be harmful to the environment.

Energy Cost Efficiency
Coal$28.88per short ton40%
Wind$5035%
Solar$700015% – 20%

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